Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Maglev bearing a magnetic bearing is a bearing which supports a load using magnetic levitation. The phenomena of levitation of a magnet above a cooled superconductor is known as the meissner effect. Magnetic levitation is a technology that uses magnetic fields to make the train move.
Simple magnetic levitation maglev train william beaty a truly levitated maglev train is a very complex device. Magnetic levitation express kit let us work together to be a part of the larger conversation of energy efficiency and celebrate environmental friendliness and sustainability. Simple magnetic levitation train seminar report pdf ppt download the answer to this transportation problem lies in the world of electro magnetism and superconducting magnets. Pdf electromagnetic levitated systems commonly used in the field of people transportation, tool machines frictionless bearings and conveyor. In the past, magnetic levitation was attempted by using permanent magnets. The first maglev train was invented in 1902 requiring many years for its eventual development. The magnetic rail with the magnets in snspm3n configuration magnetic rail the basic construction of the magnetic rail was already discussed by strehlow and sullivan. Owi has fabricated an intricate magnetic levitation train kit to engage curiosity and. The common point in all applications is the lack of contact and thus no wear and friction. Magnetic levitation, or maglev, may do for the gir in the twentyfirst century what airplanes did for the 2ir in the twentieth century. The use of magnetic fields to suspend an object above another object without solid mechanical support. Each implementation of the magnetic levitation principle for traintype travel involves advantages and disadvantages. The magnetic levitation technology can be used as an efficient. The maglev train is a whole new method of transportation without.
If a superconductor is cooled below its critical temperature while in a magnetic field, the magnetic field surrounds but does not penetrate the superconductor. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation is a system of train transportation that uses two sets of magnets, one set to repel and push the train up off the track, and another set to move the elevated train ahead, taking advantage of the lack of friction. The principle of magnetic levitation is that a vehicle can be suspended and propelled on a guidance track made with magnets. If the magnetic force of attraction is used, it is known as magnetic suspension. The system itself is not a complete solution but offers only levitation. V3 department of mechanical engineering, magna college of engineering, magaral, chennai, india 1,2, 3. Electromagnets and superconducting magnets have allowed us to create a magnetic levitation train nicknamed maglev that floats on the track instead of being directly on it. The magnetic levitation system that the trains will use suspends, guides and propels vehicles using magnets and is claimed to be faster, quieter and smoother than traditional trains. Magnetic levitation maglev or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. This pushes the train upward so that it can levitate 10 cm above the track. As a result, diamagnetic materials are repelled by strong magnetic fields. The shanghai maglev train is the fastest train in operation, reaching a top speed of 270 mph. Development history in the early development stages, superconducting magnet technology was considered an esoteric technical field and some people assumed that the technology could never be used for commercial train travel.
Maglev train propulsion and levitation may involve the use of superconducting materials, electromagnets, diamagnets, and rareearth magnets. Applied to this magnetic levitation system, these components are. In this project, magnetic levitation is a method to suspend a magnet with only the use of magnetic fields. Maglev trains incorporate a basic fact about magnetic forceslike magnetic poles repel each other, and opposite magnetic poles attract each otherto lift, propel, and guide a vehicle over a track or guideway. In this project, experiment with the interplay between the two by building your own miniature electromagnetic train that zips down a track all by itself. With maglev, a vehicle is levitated a short distance away from a guide way using magnets to create both lift and thrust. Those kinds of speeds give engineers hope that the technology will prove useful for routes that are hundreds of miles. The picture on the bottom of figure 4 shows this demonstration.
Maglev trains short form of magnetic levitation are a very fast type of highspeed rail. Since then, japans shinkansen network has expanded considerably, and its success has prompted rapid development of highspeed railways in other countries. Did you know that electricity and magnetism are closely linked. If the materials are not hard, braunbecks extension shows that. Download the seminar report for magnetic levitation. By removing friction, these vehicles can travel at speeds higher than wheeled trains, with considerably improved propulsion efficiency thrust energyinput energy and reduced noise. Maglev does not only refer to the train but also the track on which they run. As you may have figured out looking at the word maglev, maglev trains are trains that use magnetic levitation. Although the united states pioneered in the theoretical approaches and development of. This is to certify that the work in the thesis entitled controller design for magnetic levitation system by abhishek nayak is a record of an original research work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the.
T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic. A theorem due to earnshaw proves that it is not possible to achieve static levitation using any combination of fixed magnets and electric charges. Ralph hollis, research professor, the robotics institute, carnegie mellon university. The electromagnets on the underside of the train pull it up to the ferromagnetic stators on the track and levitate the train. Jan 31, 2016 this experiment has been challenging, but in the end gave me satisfaction. Observer based controller for magnetic levitation system. Dynamic modeling, timedomain analysis, pi and pid feedback control. In terms of control systems general theory therere 4 main components. The most usual applications of the electromagnetic levitation are the transportation maglev trains and magnetic bearings. To learn more about superconductors, you can look at this lesson.
These fields lift the train a small distance above the tracks and move the train. The magnetic field on the back of the train will change to the same pole of the magnetic field on the train which pushes the train. Magnetic levitation technology is a perfect solution to achieve better performance for many motion systems, e. Magnetic levitation principles introduction magnetic fields are used to describe forces at a distance from electric currents. Safety of high speed magnetic levitation transportation systems. Jun 29, 2011 fred fickett, chief, nist magnetic technology division ret. Lots of countries have started up the engineering study of maglev train. The principle of magnetic levitation has been known for over. The result is a fascinating and cheap experiment that displays the basic principles of. This increases efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and increases the useful life of the system. The magnet induces current in the superconductor which creates a counter magnetic force that.
Rather, the pose of this project was to design a working model of a maglev train in order to better understand the principles behind magnetic levitation and propulsion 1. Electric train experiment purpose to build an electric train, utilizing uninsulated copper wire, a battery, and powerful magnets. The magnets used in magnetic levitation suspend an object free of contact with any surface, making it particularly appropriate for highspeed 275300 mph435475 kmh transportation, where it greatly reduces friction and allows for fast, quiet operation. Apr 10, 2011 magnetic levitation theory and application based on levitation such as train,toy,turbine etc. Magnetic bearings support moving machinery without physical contact, for example, they can levitate a rotating shaft and permit relative motion with very low friction and no mechanical wear. Maglev train has always been considered to be the high speed passenger transportation between the major population centers. The levitation demonstration consists of two subsystems. Pdf this paper involves the design, hardware, technology, application and future uses of magnetic levitation trains. First described by robert goddard, american rocket scientist, 1909 scientific american. Experimenting with a superconducting levitation train. Relying on rare earth magnets, superconductors, electromagnets and diamagnets, magnetic levitation is now used for maglev trains, magnetic bearings and.
Levitation filetype pdf posted on april 12, 2020 by admin earnshaws theorem states that a collection of point charges cannot be maintained in a stable earnshaws theorem forbids magnetic levitation in many common situations. The video includes the physical principles involved in each maglev system, as well as their. Simple magnetic levitation train seminar report pdf ppt download abstract. James powell and gordon danby of brookhaven received the first patent for a magnetically levitated train design in the late 1960s. Levitating train 3 instructions introduce the design challenge. As the world continues to grow and as cities continues to become more crowded and congested, our normal modes of transportation will not be able to handle these overpopulated areas. The line is the third commercially operated maglev line in history after the british birmingham maglev and the german mbahn, the oldest commercial maglev still in operation, and the first commercial highspeed maglev with cruising. It is a train that doesnt have to run off of regular fossil fuels like other trains, the energy can be obtained from other sources. The coils are a part of the motor that moves the train by adding magnetic forces to propel the train. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational acceleration and any other accelerations. Simple magnetic levitation train seminar reportpdf ppt download. In magnetic levitation maglev, also known as magnetic suspension, this basic principle is used to suspend or levitate vehicles weighing 40 tons or more by generating a controlled magnetic force. For decades, conventional trains, a major source of land transportation, have served people around the world.
A wellwritten, factual account of magnetic levitation and accompanying lore over the ages, rising force is a welcome addition to livingstons previous books on magnetics. The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is equipped with retractable wheels. The first patents for magnetic levitation maglev technologies were filed by frenchborn american engineer emile bachelet all the way back in the early 1910s. This kit contains one neodymium superstrong magnet, more than 20 ceramic magnets, as well as plasticrubber magnet strips.
Modeling and control of a magnetic levitation system concepts emphasized. The inductrack system optimizes levitation efficiency, using permanent magnets and a passive track. There are, however, a few ways to levitate by getting around the assumptions of the theorem. The design for this papers maglev train was not based on any current maglev technology, nor does it seek to improve on any current technology.
As an alternative to highspeed rail based on traditional flangedwheel vehicles, the technology of magnetic levitation, or maglev, has electrodynamic suspension eds systems are similar to ems in several respects, but the magnets are used to repel the train from the guideway rather than attract. A new strategy for improving the tracking performance of magnetic. Maglev or magnetic levitation trains are not a new idea. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation is a system of train transportation that uses two sets. The concept of maglev trains as a compet itor to commercial airlines. Permanent magnets alone cannot suspend a train car. Abstractlowcost magnetic levitation project kits are used in teaching system design in an introductory undergraduate control systems course. Magnetic levitation is a way of using electromagnetic fields to levitate objects without any noise. Observer based controller for magnetic levitation system engr. Electrical systems form the heart of maglev systems and, therefore, this paper. Sliding mode control, maglev system, lyapunov theory, autotuning.
Even before that, in 1904, american professor and inventor robert goddard had written a paper outlining the idea of maglev levitation source. Magnetic levitation is the process of levitating an object by exploiting magnetic fields. Technological enhancement of rail transportation technology. Maglev railway technical research institute transrapid urban maglev shanghai maglev train how stuff works article. The vehicle on top of the track may be propelled with the help of a linear. Magnetic levitation theory synonyms, magnetic levitation theory pronunciation, magnetic levitation theory translation, english dictionary definition of magnetic levitation theory. Using principles of magnetism to float in the air against gravity is called magnetic levitation. One electromagnet pole faces a black post upon which a 2. However, there is a way to make a simple permanentmagnet maglev train. Maglev magnetic levitation train is a latemodel railway vehicle with many good performances such as high speed, comfort, low environmental pollution, low energy consumption and so on. Highspeed movement is a result of magnetic levitation while propulsion is provided by the fine placement of electromagnets in the form of coils. The train wraps around the track, and is pulled upwards from below. Railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic levitation maglev technologies the tokaido shinkansen began operations in 1964 and was an immediate success.
The ball elevation from the post is measured using a sensor embedded in the post. If the force is large enough, the moving magnet can levitated. Magnetic levitation an overview sciencedirect topics. Build a magnetic levitating train that can balance on a magnetic track without falling. Organize participants into teams of three or four people. It is often viewed as a sort of superspeed trains which. Maglev trains run on electricity from nearby power plants which are fed through magnetic coils. Most asian and european countries have developed and implemented highspeed rail train systems. Students receive individual kits along with assembly instructions for building a magnetic levitation device that is marginally stable, and they are then challenged to modify the system to improve. Other than airplanes, fast and commercial transportation is limited. If magnetic repulsion is used, it is known as magnetic levitation. Along certain medium range routes usually 200 to 400 miles 320 to 640 km.
Maglev magnetic levitation train magnetic games youtube. Give your children with the knowledge to make our world a better place to live. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation uses magnetic. Special arrays halbach arrays of permanent magnets are employed, mounted on bogies underneath the car. Maglev is the system of transportation that uses magnetic levitation to suspend,guide and propel the vehicles using magnets. Between the train and the rails there is magnetic repulsion bound by two transparent plates attached to the train.
Highspeed rail and maglev trains have become realities. The rails is 3 meters long and used 360 neodymium magnets. Sliding mode control with autotuning law for maglev system. Simple magnetic levitation train seminar reportpdf ppt. This idea can be seen in the maglev trains of japan where the trains use electromagnets to create lift and propulsion, this in turn, reduces the friction along the track of and allows the train to glide across the track. The magnetic levitation technology can be used as an efficient technology in. Now the train has no friction levitating on the track with a magnetic system that makes it goes smooth and fast.
Magnetic levitation is a highly advanced technology. Modeling and control for a magnetic levitation system. Then build a magnetic levitation train with this kit. Magnetic levitation is used in a new generation of train that will have cruising speeds. The magnetic levitation force is ideal for supporting a train at very high speeds. Maglev systems make use of magnetic levitation either through electromagnetic or electrodynamic suspension while propulsion of the trains is realized by means of a linear induction motor. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation uses magnetic levitation to propel vehicles. Today, were going to build a tiny model of a maglev train. It employs diamagnetism, which is an intrinsic property of many materials referring to their. Clark ii, grant cooke, in the green industrial revolution, 2015.
Key laboratory of magnetic levitation technologies and maglev trains ministry of education of china. Levitation force analysis of medium and low speed maglev vehicles. The full form and the basic working principle of maglev is called magnetic levitation. The propulsion of a magnetic levitation maglev train is caused by a linear motor.
Maglev 1 magnetic levitation experiment quanser consulting inc. Levitation means to rise or float in the air especially in seeming defiance of gravity. The repelling of the magnets makes the train float. Ems magnetic levitation trains are based on this kind of levitation. The idea during the earlier days of the 20th century was that a train would levitate just about the track through the use of powerful magnets to keep it afloat. Learn about electromagnetic suspension, the most popular type of maglev train. When was the maglev train invented vision launch media. The concept of magnetically levitated or maglev trains is of very much interesting. Maglev short for magnetic levitation trains can trace their roots to technology pioneered at brookhaven national laboratory. Introduction magnetic levitation is becoming widely applicable in magnetic bearings, highspeed ground transportation, vibration isolation, etc.
It employs diamagnetism, which is an intrinsic property of many materials referring to their ability to temporarily expel a portion of an external magnetic field. The operation is not exactly the same as the real maglev but a little like us. Some maglev trains are capable of even greater speeds. Magnetic levitation is a process by which a magnet over a piece of a metal causes electrical current to flow in the metal that, in turn, produce forces that push the magnet upward. Be sure to check out the video instructions for an explanation of how it works. A magnetic field can also interact with magnets and cause a force upon the magnet inside the magnetic field. This is the basic principle behind electromagnetic propulsion. Maglev train simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The shanghai maglev train or shanghai transrapid chinese.
If you need additional magnetic strips or want to make your own kits, please use the product code magtape. The maglev train isnt like an ordinary train that one would see driving throughout the united states carrying coal, cargo, and much more. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Magnetic levitation trains are becoming a popular transportation topic all around the globe. Abstract the term levitation refers to a class of technologies that uses magnetic levitation to propel vehicles with magnets rather than with wheels, axles and bearings. Magnetically levitated train is a highly modern vehicle. In october 2016, a japan railway maglev bullet train blazed all the way to 374 mph 601 kph during a short run. Electromagnetic suspension and electrodynamic suspension are only two types of magnetic levitation and many other forms exist and even more are still likely to be developed. Ppt magnetic levitation powerpoint presentation free to. Magnettrains is with high probability the overall economic point of view best option for. One of the features of maglev systems is reduction of imagination.